Information Architecture

The structure of an information space: how content is organized, labeled, navigated and searched, so people can find what they need and understand where they are

Richard Saul Wurman coined "information architect" in 1976. Louis Rosenfeld and Peter Morville's Information Architecture for the World Wide Web (1998, the polar bear book) made it a discipline of the web, with four systems: organization, labeling, navigation and search. Card sorting and tree testing are its research methods.